Hello students , Welcome to kashibiology . Before we enter the world of biotechnology we must know some basic terminology that we are going to read further . Without knowing the basic terms of biotechnology it will be difficult to digest this much information .
Some important Terminologies, Discoveries & Short Terms in Biotechnology-
1-Term Biotech —- given by—Hungarian Engineer —Karl Ereky
2-Father of Biotech(r-DNA tech)/Genetic engineering—-Paul Berg (1972)
3-First Construction of r-DNA (Recombinant DNA) —Stanley Cohen & Herbert Boyer (1972).This is done by adding antibiotic resistance gene with plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium Bacteria.
4-Gel Electrophoresis–developed by—- A.Tiselius (1937)
5-Restriction Endonuclease–first observed by—– W.Arber (1962)
6-First Restriction Endonuclease (Hind II)–isolated by—– H.Smith
7-Reverse Transcriptase first discovered by—– Temin & Baltimore
8- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–developed by—Kary Mullis (1985)
9-Hybridoma technology of MAB production—developed by Georges Kohler & Cesar Milstein (1970)
10-RNAi –discovered by American scientists Andrew Fire and Craig Mello (1998) in Caenorhabditis elegans
Other Specific name and common terms-
1-Cloning Vector
Gene taxi/Vehicle of DNA/Carrier of DNA
2-PBR-322
Most widely used constructed plasmid/Work house for gene cloning
3- Restriction Endonuclease
Molecular or Biological Scissors/Chemical Scalpels/Chemical Knives
4-Ligases
Molecular Glue/Sealing or joining Enzymes for DNA segments
5-Natural Genetic Engineer
Agrobacterium tumifaciens
6-Mobile genetic element
Transposons
7-Ri-plasmid
Root inducing plasmid found in Agrobacterium rhizogenes bacteria
8- Ti-plasmid
Tumor inducing plasmid found in Agrobacterium tumifaciens bacteria
9-Bt
Bacillus thuringiensis
10-Cry
Crystal
11-T-DNA
transfer DNA
12-EFB
European federation of biotechnology
13-dNTPs
Deoxynucleoside triphosphate (such as dATP,dGTP,dTTP,dCTP)
11-Si-RNA
small interference RNA
13-mi-RNA
micro RNA
14-pi-RNA
piwi RNA
15-RNAi
RNA interference/gene silencing/antisense RNA tech/ post-transcriptional gene silencing
16-GEAC
Genetic engineering approval committee
17-Alien DNA
Foreign DNA/Passenger DNA/Gene of Interest/DNA to be cloned
18-Agar
obtained from Sea weeds/Red Algae – Gracilaria & Gelidium
19-ADA
Adenosine deaminase/Adenosine aminohydrolase Enzyme
20-ampr & tetr
ampicillin & tetracycline resistance gene
21-GMOs
Genetically Modified Organisms (Plants/animals/Fungi/Microbes) such as Bt-cotton, Golden Rice etc
22-ELISA
enzyme linked immune sorbents assay
23-PCR
Polymerase chain reaction/ People choice reaction
24-MAB
monoclonal antibody
25-PEG
polyethylene glycol (fusion promoting substance)
26-HAT
hypoxanthine-aminipterine-thymidine
27-IGF
insulin like growth factor
- 1 Pico gram = 10-12 gm
- in human (n)/1 C = 3.2 Pico gram DNA
Thanks for your time to read this blog, soon we shall come with second blog of Biotech
